Underfloor insulation

Thermal resistance below living areas.

Zoning (HVAC)

Room-specific temperature control.

Zone valves

Controls for floor heating circuits.

Zinc cladding

Durable alternative to aluminum or wood.

Zero-carbon building

No net CO₂ emissions from use/construction.

Zero waste goal

Minimal leftover during construction.

Utility room

Designated space for washing and storage.

User interface

pps or displays to manage building systems.

Urban heat island

Higher urban temperatures due to materials.

U-value

Measure of heat flow through a material; lower = better.